Health Guide USA
America's Online Health Resource Guide
Health Guide USA
America's Online Health Resource Guide

Medical Scientist Training

Students planning careers as medical scientists should pursue a bachelor's degree in a biological science. Undergraduate programs typically include courses in life sciences, as well as chemistry, physics, and mathematics. Humanities courses also are beneficial for developing writing and communication skills, which are necessary for drafting grant proposals and publishing research results.

After students have completed undergraduate studies, there are two main degree paths for prospective medical scientists: either a Ph.D. or a joint M.D.-Ph.D. Students can enroll in a university Ph.D. program in the biological sciences, which typically take about 6 years of study. Ph.D. students specialize in one particular field, such as genetics, pathology, or bioinformatics. For a joint M.D.-Ph.D. program, students enroll at a medical college that typically takes 7 to 8 years of study. Students learn both the clinical skills needed to be a physician and the research skills needed to be a scientist.

Graduate programs place additional emphasis on laboratory work and original research. These programs offer prospective medical scientists the opportunity to develop their experiments and, sometimes, to supervise undergraduates. A Ph.D. culminates in a thesis, which the candidate presents before a committee of professors.

Those who go to medical school spend most of the first 2 years in labs and classrooms, taking courses such as anatomy, biochemistry, physiology, pharmacology, psychology, microbiology, pathology, medical ethics, and medical law. They also learn to take medical histories, examine patients, and diagnose illnesses. For more information, see the profile on physicians and surgeons.

Medical scientists often continue their education with postdoctoral work at universities or with federal agencies, such as the National Institutes of Health. Postdoctoral work provides valuable lab experience, including in specific processes and techniques such as gene splicing, which is transferable to other research projects. In some institutions, the postdoctoral position leads to a permanent job.

Medical scientists who administer drug or gene therapy to human patients, or who otherwise interact medically with patients—drawing blood, excising tissue, or performing other invasive procedures—must be licensed physicians. To be licensed, physicians must graduate from an accredited medical school, pass a licensing examination, and complete 1 to 7 years of graduate medical education.

Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2012-13 Edition








for State specific information, visit JOB OUTLOOK BY STATE

Explore Health Profession Training




Assessor Links USA    All Things Political

Juggling Cats    Doomsday Guide

Health Resource USA    Innovators Guide     Active Canines


To report a broken link or to suggest a new site for
our online resource guide, please Contact Us.

Proquantum Corporation.
Copyright @ 2002-2018

Use of this website is expressly subject to the various
terms and conditions set forth in our

User Agreement/Disclaimer, Privacy Policy  and Cookie Policy


Assessor Links USA    All Things Political

Juggling Cats    Doomsday Guide    Engineers Guide USA

To report a broken link or to suggest a new site for
our online resource guide, please Contact Us.

Proquantum Corporation.
Copyright @ 2002-2019

Use of this website is expressly subject to the various
terms and conditions set forth in our

User Agreement/Disclaimer, Privacy Policy  and Cookie Policy