State Medical Boards

State Medical Boards (or Boards of Medicine) are fundamental to the healthcare system in the United States, serving the core purpose of protecting the public by regulating the practice of medicine within their jurisdictions. Their central responsibility is the licensing of physicians (MDs), osteopaths (DOs), and physician assistants (PAs). The boards establish and enforce rigorous standards for entry into practice, which include verifying completion of accredited medical or PA programs, confirming post-graduate training, and ensuring candidates pass standardized licensing exams (like the USMLE or COMLEX). They are also tasked with defining the legal scope of practice and investigating and disciplining licensees for unprofessional conduct, negligence, or incompetence, which often includes mandating continuing medical education.

The importance of this licensing system cannot be overstated when considering the risks associated with unlicensed practitioners. Unlicensed physicians and PAs operate without the necessary, verified foundation of medical knowledge, clinical skills, and ethical oversight. Seeking care from such individuals can lead to profound and sometimes catastrophic patient harm, including misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis of serious conditions, performing unsafe or unnecessary surgical procedures, prescribing incorrect or harmful medications, and a lack of adherence to vital sterilization protocols. Such negligence can result in permanent disability, worsening illness, or death. By acting as the ultimate authority on medical competence, State Medical Boards prevent unqualified individuals from practicing, thereby upholding patient trust and the quality of care across the nation

Use the resources below to learn more about the work of your State Medical Board.